How to write a definition
Writing an actual dictionary definition is not something most of us will have to undertake. However, we are often expected to write a dictionary-style definition for an assignment or project. Examining what is included in a dictionary can help us determine how to structure our informal definition.
In true definition form, we will first describe the structure and function of a dictionary definition. Then we’ll discuss how to adapt the formal definition mode to fit your project. Pay close attention, and you’ll learn how to write a dictionary definition.
An official definition
If you’re in the habit of using a dictionary, you know it follows a specific format in the presentation of words. Words are listed alphabetically and divided to show syllables. Alternative spellings may be given. An abbreviation is given for the part(s) of speech and the pronunciation and location of stress is shown by mean of symbols.
Sometimes the etymology, or origin, of a word is indicated. It may include the date of its first use in the language. A dictionary may indicate whether a word is archaic (out of date), slang, or used in a particular region of a country.
Once the basics are established, the dictionary goes on to give one or more definitions of the word. These are usually set apart with a sequence of numbers or letters. A drawing or chart may be inserted to clarify the meaning.
The amount of information provided will be determined by the scope of the dictionary and its intended audience. A dictionary intended for children will include numerous illustrations. It will probably be in color. Some dictionaries give phrases or complete sentences to illustrate the usage. It may include notes about distinctive uses of the word. A bilingual dictionary may give examples geared to a non-native speaker of the language. Technical dictionaries will cover a term in much more detail.
What your definition is not
Attempting to make your definition conform precisely to a dictionary entry would be a big mistake. Your goals are not the same as those of a dictionary publisher. The nature of your undertaking will shape the form your definition takes.
Your definition will go beyond the narrow scope of a dictionary. You may confine your definition to the meaning in a particular context. The word “text,” for example changes meaning depending on how it is used. The meaning shifts depending on whether you are in a print shop, a classroom, or a church service. And on your cell phone it has taken on new life as a verb.
On the contrary, you may need to expand the meaning of your definition beyond the usual understanding of it. You may go into figurative or poetic uses of the word.
Creating a glossary
Sometimes, you may be dealing with a topic that involves a large number of terms that may be unfamiliar to your reader. In this case, you can compile an extensive list of terms with their definitions. This would be termed a glossary, but it has much in common with dictionary definitions. You will often find them in the back of textbooks.
The readership of a glossary is very limited. So is its selection of words. Only the words related to a very narrow field would be included in a glossary. You would include only the meaning that applied to that field. The people who would benefit from the glossary would be peers within the same field of study.
The basic rules
Before you attempt to write a dictionary-style definition, you need to know the format. The first item to include in any definition is the class to which the word belongs.
- a dog is an animal
- love is an emotion
- Mexico is a country
Once you have placed it in a category that your reader will understand, you add words that distinguish this word from all other words in the category. Be careful not to make the category too broad. Categorizing a dolphin as a sea creature would then require you to add too many qualifiers. Narrowing the category to fish or whale makes the process more manageable.
The #1 rule
The most important rule is probably the one that is most often ignored: Do not use the word itself, or a form of it in your definition. A definition is a phrase used to define a word. This repetition is a trick often employed by students when they don’t know the definition. Your teacher is on to this subterfuge. Don’t try it.
Synonyms or antonyms
Another way to clarify the meaning of a word is by using synonyms. Including a familiar word that means almost the same can help the reader to understand the target word. Doing the opposite, and using an antonym can achieve the same thing.
You may also need to tell what the word does not mean. If a word or term is commonly confused with another, mention that in your definition.
Make it accurate
Dictionaries are intended to describe, not prescribe. Your definition should give an accurate picture of how the word is actually used. Be careful not to color the meaning with your own understanding of it. You may have to consult an expert to verify your interpretation of the meaning.
A well-written dictionary definition can be used in a number of ways. Whether you are defining a single word or compiling a list of terms, the principles are the same. Follow the established rules and you will learn how to write a dictionary definition.
